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The sole is the insensitive protective undersurface of the horse's foot in which are the highly vascular (rich in blood supply) and sensitive (rich in nerve supply) tissues (laminae) that connect the hoof to the pedal bone.
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Buprenorphine is used on and off label and is given by mouth into the cheek or by injection to treat pain or as a preanesthetic. The most common side effect is sleepiness. Do not use in pets that are allergic to it or other opioids, or in pets being treated with amitraz. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Calendula (Calendula officinalis), also known as pot marigold, is most used as a topical anti-inflammatory and antiseptic. It has also been used less often to treat and prevent gastric ulcers, and to help lower blood sugar. Calendula is most often used in dogs, cats, and horses.
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Camphor + menthol + phenol, topical, is an over-the-counter product used to treat superficial wounds, cuts, and burns in horses and mules. It comes as a liquid spray and is better known as Scarlett Oil Pump Spray®, although there are several other over-the-counter products that contain camphor, menthol, and phenol.
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Canker is now rarely seen but is a serious infection of the horn of the foot, that results in the formation of a soft, moist, disintegrating growth of horn. It most commonly affects the hind feet and is most often seen in horses kept in wet tropical climates, or in large draught type horses.
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Carbamazepine is given my mouth and is used off label in dogs, cats, and horses to treat seizures, pain, and behavior disorders. Common side effects in animals are unknown, but may include dizziness, sleepiness, nausea, and vomiting. Do not use in pets that have recently used amitraz, are pregnant, or have bone marrow disease. If a negative reaction occurs, call your veterinary office.
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Carprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used on and off label. It is given by mouth in the form of a tablet to treat pain and inflammation. The most common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased appetite. Do not use this medication in pets with bleeding disorders, in pets that are allergic to it or other NSAIDs in the same class, or in pets concurrently using corticosteroids or other NSAIDs. If a negative reaction occurs, call your veterinary office.
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Ceftiofur crystalline free acid (Excede®) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections in horses, cattle, swine, rabbits, birds, and other animals. There are various formulations of this medication (HCl, sodium, CFA). Ceftiofur crystalline free acid comes in an injectable form. Do not inject into a vein or artery – sudden death may occur.
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Chlorambucil (brand names: Leukeran®, Chloraminophene®, Linfolysin®) is an immunosuppressive and anticancer medication used to treat certain cancers, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. It can also be used as a supplemental treatment for some immune-mediated diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease.
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Chloramphenicol (brand names Chloromycetin®, Viceton®) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat many different bacterial infections in many species. Chloramphenicol comes as tablets, capsules, liquid suspension, and in an injectable form (chloramphenicol sodium succinate). Injectable forms will be administered by your veterinarian.